Chasing in Construction: Techniques, Types, Materials, and Safety

In construction, the practice of chasing is a critical yet often overlooked aspect that ensures the seamless integration of various building systems. This technique involves creating channels or grooves in walls, floors, and ceilings to accommodate electrical wiring, plumbing pipes, and other essential utilities.

Understanding the intricacies of chasing is vital for both safety and efficiency on construction sites. Properly executed chases can significantly reduce the risk of structural damage and enhance the overall functionality of a building.

Definition of Chasing

Chasing, in the context of construction, refers to the process of cutting channels into building elements such as walls, floors, and ceilings. These channels, or chases, are meticulously crafted to house various utilities, including electrical conduits, plumbing pipes, and HVAC systems. The primary objective is to conceal these utilities within the structure, maintaining both aesthetic appeal and functional integrity.

The practice of chasing requires a deep understanding of the building’s structural framework. It is not merely about cutting grooves but ensuring that these cuts do not compromise the stability of the structure. This involves careful planning and precise execution, often guided by detailed architectural and engineering drawings. The depth and width of the chases must be calculated accurately to accommodate the specific utilities without weakening the surrounding material.

Different materials and tools are employed in the chasing process, depending on the type of surface being worked on. For instance, chasing in concrete walls might require the use of angle grinders or wall chasers equipped with diamond blades, while softer materials like plasterboard can be handled with less robust tools. The choice of equipment and technique is crucial, as it impacts both the efficiency of the process and the quality of the final outcome.

Types of Chases

Chases can be categorized based on their orientation and location within the building structure. Each type serves a specific purpose and requires distinct techniques and considerations.

Vertical Chases

Vertical chases are channels cut into walls that run perpendicular to the floor. These are commonly used to house vertical runs of electrical conduits, plumbing pipes, and other utilities that need to travel between different floors of a building. Creating vertical chases involves careful planning to avoid compromising the structural integrity of load-bearing walls. The depth and width of these chases must be meticulously calculated to ensure they can accommodate the necessary utilities without weakening the wall. Tools such as wall chasers with diamond blades are often employed for this purpose, especially when working with concrete or brick walls. Additionally, vertical chases must comply with building codes and regulations, which often dictate the maximum allowable dimensions and the types of utilities that can be housed within them.

Horizontal Chases

Horizontal chases run parallel to the floor and are typically used to distribute utilities across a single floor level. These chases are essential for routing electrical wiring, plumbing pipes, and HVAC ducts to various rooms and areas within a building. When creating horizontal chases, it is crucial to consider the structural elements of the wall, such as studs and joists, to avoid compromising the building’s stability. The process often involves cutting into the wall material using tools like angle grinders or wall chasers, followed by the installation of protective conduits to house the utilities. The placement of horizontal chases must also take into account the potential for future modifications or repairs, ensuring that the utilities are easily accessible without causing significant disruption to the building’s structure.

Floor Chases

Floor chases are channels cut into the floor slab to accommodate utilities that need to run horizontally across a building. These are particularly useful in commercial and industrial settings where large volumes of electrical wiring, plumbing, or HVAC ducts need to be distributed efficiently. Creating floor chases involves cutting into the concrete or other flooring materials using specialized tools like concrete saws or floor chasers. The depth and width of these chases must be carefully planned to ensure they do not weaken the floor slab or interfere with the building’s structural integrity. Additionally, floor chases must be properly sealed and protected to prevent damage from foot traffic or other activities. This often involves the use of protective covers or conduits to house the utilities and ensure their longevity.

Materials Used for Chasing

The selection of materials for chasing is a nuanced process that hinges on the type of surface being worked on and the specific utilities being installed. For instance, when dealing with masonry walls, materials like diamond-tipped blades are indispensable. These blades are known for their ability to cut through hard surfaces with precision, ensuring clean and accurate channels. The durability of diamond-tipped blades makes them a preferred choice for professionals who need to maintain the integrity of the structure while creating chases.

In contrast, softer materials such as plasterboard or drywall require a different approach. Here, tools like utility knives or plasterboard saws are more appropriate. These tools allow for more controlled cuts, reducing the risk of over-penetration and damage to the surrounding material. Additionally, the use of lightweight, flexible conduits is common in these scenarios, as they can be easily maneuvered and installed within the chases without causing undue stress on the walls.

For floor chases, the materials used must be robust enough to withstand the weight and pressure exerted by foot traffic and furniture. Concrete saws equipped with abrasive blades are often employed to cut through floor slabs. Once the channels are created, protective conduits made from materials like PVC or metal are installed to house the utilities. These conduits not only protect the utilities from physical damage but also provide a level of fire resistance, which is crucial in maintaining building safety standards.

In some cases, specialized materials like fire-rated boards or intumescent coatings are used to line the chases. These materials expand when exposed to high temperatures, providing an additional layer of protection against fire. This is particularly important in commercial buildings where the risk of fire can have catastrophic consequences. The use of such materials ensures that the chases not only serve their functional purpose but also contribute to the overall safety of the building.

Techniques for Creating Chases

Creating chases in construction requires a blend of precision, appropriate tools, and a thorough understanding of the building’s layout. The first step often involves marking the exact locations where the chases will be cut. This is typically done using chalk lines or laser levels to ensure accuracy. These markings serve as a guide, helping to avoid any misalignment that could compromise the installation of utilities.

Once the markings are in place, the next phase involves selecting the right cutting tools. For softer materials, handheld tools like oscillating multi-tools or rotary cutters are often employed. These tools offer the flexibility needed to navigate around obstacles and create smooth, even channels. For more robust surfaces, power tools such as rotary hammers or electric chisels are used. These tools are designed to handle the rigors of cutting through tougher materials, ensuring that the chases are both precise and structurally sound.

Dust and debris management is another crucial aspect of the chasing process. Cutting into walls or floors generates a significant amount of dust, which can pose health risks and hinder visibility. To mitigate this, many professionals use dust extraction systems or wet cutting techniques. Wet cutting involves using water to suppress dust, making the work environment safer and cleaner. This method is particularly effective when working in enclosed spaces where ventilation may be limited.

Safety Measures in Chasing

Ensuring safety during the chasing process is paramount, given the inherent risks associated with cutting into structural elements. Proper safety protocols not only protect workers but also maintain the integrity of the building. One of the primary safety measures involves conducting a thorough site assessment before commencing any chasing work. This assessment identifies potential hazards, such as hidden electrical wires or plumbing pipes, which could pose a risk if accidentally damaged. Utilizing tools like cable detectors or pipe locators can help in accurately mapping out these utilities, minimizing the chances of inadvertent cuts.

Personal protective equipment (PPE) is another critical aspect of safety in chasing. Workers are typically required to wear safety goggles, ear protection, and dust masks to shield themselves from debris and noise. Additionally, sturdy gloves and protective footwear are essential to prevent injuries from sharp tools and heavy materials. Implementing proper ventilation in enclosed spaces is also crucial, especially when using power tools that generate dust and fumes. This can be achieved through the use of portable ventilation systems or by ensuring that work areas are well-ventilated naturally.

Regular training and adherence to safety guidelines are indispensable for maintaining a safe working environment. Workers should be trained in the correct use of tools and equipment, as well as in emergency procedures in case of accidents. Safety drills and regular inspections can help in identifying potential lapses in safety protocols, allowing for timely corrective measures. By fostering a culture of safety and vigilance, construction sites can significantly reduce the risks associated with chasing, ensuring that both the workers and the structure remain protected.